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Rescue Breathing can Save the Life of your Child

When an emergency situation arises, the first thing you need to do is check responsiveness. Ask loudly if they are okay. (Dont forget to dial 9-1-1 in an emergency.) If there is no response, use the ABCs of CPR, which are airway, breathing and circulation.

Airway: The childs airway needs to be opened to allow you to breathe into the lungs. Open the airway through either the head-tilt-chin lift or the jaw thrust method. Using the head-tilt-chin lift requires you to put one hand on the childs forehead and the fingers of your opposite hand on the hard part underneath the chin. Apply pressure to the child's forehead while you push the jaw upward, tilting the head. Another process for opening an airway is the jaw thrust. The jaw thrust is best for those who have a head or neck injury because it does not tilt the head. Lay the fingertips of each hand on the angles of the jaw and put your elbows on the floor. Next, lift the child's jaw with both hands.

Breathing: As soon as the airway is open, you can effectively determine if the child is breathing. Place your ear close to the mouth of the child and listen for breathing. Check if the torso is rising and falling. Feel for the flow of air. If the child isn't breathing, CPR is necessary.

Mouth-to-Mouth-and-Nose: If the child is less than one year of age, you'll need to do the mouth-to-mouth-and-nose technique. Place your mouth over the infants mouth and nose and create an airtight seal. Fill your cheeks with air and release that air into the infants mouth and nose. Do this twice; each time pause between breathing. Do not forcefully blow a lot of air into the infant. Babies lungs are a lot smaller than adults. Make sure the chest is rising with each breath. If the chest doesnt rise, reposition the baby's airway and continue breathing.

Mouth-to-Mouth: If the child is older than one year, you must give mouth-to-mouth breathing. First pinch the nose closed using your thumb and finger so that air doesn't leak through the nose. Place your mouth over their mouth and form an airtight seal. Release two breaths. See if the chest rises.

Circulation: Check their pulse. When they have a pulse but they aren't breathing, keep performing rescue breathing until an ambulance arrives. If there aren't any indications of circulation, you'll need to begin to perform compressions. Chest compressions move blood out to the vital organs to keep them viable. The method you will use for chest compression differs depending on the age of the child.

Children under 1: To perform chest compressions on an infant, place two fingers of one hand half an inch below the nipple line. Push down on the sternum so that the chest is depressed to 1 inch down. Pause to allow the chest to retain its normal position inbetween compressions. These compressions should be performed about 100 per min. Perform 5 compressions then give 1 breath.

Kids ages one through eight: Lay the heel of one hand on the bottom part of the sternum. Push down on the sternum so that it goes one to one and a half in. into the chest at about 100 compressions each minute (a little less than 2 compressions per second). Permit the chest to go back to its regular position inbetween compressions. Do five compressions and then one breath.

Children over 8: This procedure is used for adults as well. Place two hands on the lower sternum and interlock the fingers. Push down on the sternum so that it goes 1 to 2 inches into the chest. Permit the chest to return to its normal position before the next compression. Perform these compressions at the same rate as the 1-8 year olds.

Continue the compressions and breathing twenty times and then assess the child for breathing and circulation. Do them 20 more times if you don't find signs of breathing or circulation. Keep repeating until rescuers arrive.

This information is to be used simply as an informational resource. It can't replace hands-on CPR or first aid training. Please try to attend a CPR training course in your community.

NOTE: Use of this article requires links to be intact.

Chris Dunn often writes articles about pregnancy for his childbirth website.

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